Chart of Accounts Interface

This page explains the buttons and fields of the Accounts tab of Accounting Setup in Grid View and Tree View, how VAT is treated and its warnings. How the Chart of Accounts is organised is explained on Understanding the Chart of Accounts.

Navigation Example

Main Menu > Setup > Accounting > Accounts (tab)

Chart of Accounts in Tree View, with accounts grouped under their sections
Chart of Accounts Tree View

Buttons Explained

Button Description
Add/EditAdds new entries or edits existing ones.
SaveSaves any changes.
Actions

Changes multiple records. The options are:

  • Rebuild Accounting Report: Resets the financial reports and recreates them to include the new accounts.
  • Order Alphabetically: Sorts the accounts alphabetically within their categories or main accounts.
  • Generate Account Codes: Generates account numbers. Replaces all the current account codes, including codes you entered yourself.
  • Generate Account Lookups: Generates account lookups for all the lowest-level accounts. Overwrites all the existing lookups. These lookups can be edited. Lookup lists are used in transactions to help you find the account.
  • Refresh Lookups: Updates all the lookup lists.
OutputExport: Exports the list in .xlsx, .htm or .csv format.
MenuLayout
Add Default Accounts

Creates the main categories (e.g. Sales, Assets, Expenses) needed for a Chart of Accounts.

Available only if no accounts exist yet.

Grid View / Tree View

Switches between the Grid View (spreadsheet format) and the Tree View (accounts nested under their financial statements).

The + and – icons expand or collapse the Tree View.

NotesShows or hides the account notes. Grid View only.

Fields Explained: Grid View

Chart of Accounts in Grid View, listing accounts with their codes, sections and settings
Chart of Accounts Grid View

Field Description
Field Chooser (*)Add or remove columns.
IDThe system-generated number for the entry.
StatusThe account’s status: Active or Archive.
ParentThe parent financial statement (Statement of Profit or Loss or Statement of Financial Position).
AccountThe account name.
CodeThe account number (optional).
Lookup

The account’s lookup name (that is, the name entered when using the account in a transaction).

⚠️ Warning: If no lookup is entered, the account cannot be selected when creating transactions.

TypeThe type of account (e.g. Asset, Expense).
Order IDThe order in which the account appears on the applicable financial statement in its group.
Default

Select the account’s default:

  • Accrual (VAT Exc): A general accrual account. Appears on the Financial Reporting Dashboard. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Accrual (VAT Inc): Appears on the Financial Reporting Dashboard. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Bank: Enables currency selection, bank reconciliations and bank imports. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Bank & Accrual: Lets you capture credit card receipts in two parts. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Payables: Totals all the supplier account balances for display on financial reports. Can be selected for one account only.
  • Receivables: Totals all the customer account balances for display on financial reports. Can be selected for one account only.
  • Retained Income: Records the profit or loss earned. Can be selected for one account only.
  • VAT Control: Records the VAT portion of transactions and payments or refunds to the tax authorities. Can be selected for one account only.
  • WHT Control: Records the taxes withheld from suppliers or withheld by customers. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
CurrencySelect a currency (bank accounts only).
CreatedThe date on which the entry was created.
UpdatedThe date on which the entry was last updated.
Updated ByThe user who last updated the entry.
LevelA number indicating the nesting level (e.g. Statement of Financial Position > Assets > Current Assets > Bank is level 4).

Fields Explained: Tree View

Info

Fields marked in blue (✎) can be edited.

Chart of Accounts Tree View fields, with the editable fields shown in blue

Field Description
Field Chooser (*)Add or remove columns.
IDThe system-generated number for the entry.
AccountThe account name.
CodeThe account number. An account number is optional, but it helps with bank imports if you use the numbers as references when making or receiving payments.
ReportA code that shows the account’s report section (e.g. Summary, Section).
Lookup

The account’s lookup name (that is, the name entered when using the account in a transaction).

⚠️ Warning: If no lookup is entered, the account cannot be selected when creating transactions.

TypeThe type of account (e.g. Asset, Expense).
Default

Select the account’s default:

  • Accrual (VAT Exc): A general accrual account. Appears on the Financial Reporting Dashboard. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Accrual (VAT Inc): Appears on the Financial Reporting Dashboard. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Bank: Enables currency selection, bank reconciliations and bank imports. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Bank & Accrual: Lets you capture credit card receipts in two parts. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
  • Payables: Totals all the supplier account balances for display on financial reports. Can be selected for one account only.
  • Receivables: Totals all the customer account balances for display on financial reports. Can be selected for one account only.
  • Retained Income: Records the profit or loss earned. Can be selected for one account only.
  • VAT Control: Records the VAT portion of transactions and payments or refunds to the tax authorities. Can be selected for one account only.
  • WHT Control: Records the taxes withheld from suppliers or withheld by customers. Can be selected for multiple accounts.
Bank Profile

Select the bank profile of the bank account.

For the bank import to work, the account number must be part of the Lookup in the same format as on the bank statement (see the screenshot above).

CurrencySelect a currency (bank accounts only).
ParentIDThe system-generated number for the account’s parent.
StatusThe account’s current status: Active or Archive.
Order IDThe system-generated number for the account’s order in its section.
CreatedThe date on which the entry was created.
UpdatedThe date on which the entry was last updated.
Updated ByThe user who last updated the entry.
LevelA number indicating the nesting level (e.g. Statement of Financial Position > Assets > Current Assets > Bank is level 4).
NoteEnter a note about the account.
Widget

A context menu (also opened by right-clicking an entry). The options differ depending on whether you clicked a Heading, an account on the Statement of Profit/Loss, or an account on the Statement of Financial Position.

  • Statement of Profit/Loss:
    • Add Section > Revenue: Adds another Revenue section.
    • Add Section > Expense: Adds another Expense section.
    • Add Summary: Adds a subtotal. A subtotal automatically adds and subtracts all the accounts above it.
    • Generate Account Lookup: Generates an editable lookup list for that account only, overwriting its existing lookup. Lookup lists are limited to the final accounts. They are required, but you can also enter them manually.
    • Nest Under: Creates the account as a sub-account of the selected account.
      Applies only to accounts on the lowest levels. Once the account is used in a transaction, its nesting cannot be changed.
    • Move Up: Moves the account one line higher.
    • Move Down: Moves the account one line lower.
    • Delete: Deletes the account if it has no entries.
  • Statement of Financial Position:
    • Add Section > Asset: Adds another Asset section (e.g. Fixed Assets or Current Assets).
    • Add Section > Liability: Adds another Liability section (e.g. Long-term Liabilities or Current Liabilities).
    • Add Section > Equity: Adds another Equity section (e.g. Ordinary Shareholding or Preference Shareholding).
    • Add Summary: Adds a subtotal. It automatically adds and subtracts all the accounts above it.
    • Add Account: Adds an account to the selected section or account.
    • Generate Account Lookup: Generates a lookup list only for that account. Overwrites the account’s existing lookup. Lookup lists should be limited to the transaction accounts (not the headings). They can be generated automatically, edited or entered manually.
    • Nest Under: Creates the account as a sub-account of the selected account. Once the account is used in a transaction, its nesting cannot be changed.
    • Move Up: Moves the account one line higher.
    • Move Down: Moves the account one line lower.
    • Delete: Deletes the account if it has no entries.

How VAT Is Treated

If your business charges and claims VAT, reports show the VAT-exclusive amounts, except for these accounts:

  • Receivables (the total of all customer accounts)
  • Payables (the total of all supplier accounts)
  • Bank accounts

The VAT Control account records the VAT portion of transactions where VAT Input or Output categories were used:

  • VAT Input +: Debits the VAT Control account.
  • VAT Input –: Debits the VAT Control account with a negative amount.
  • VAT Output +: Credits the VAT Control account.
  • VAT Output –: Credits the VAT Control account with a negative amount.
  • VAT Payment: Debits the VAT Control account (Cr Bank). Use the VAT Type VAT 100%.
  • VAT Refund Received: Credits the VAT Control account (Dr Bank). Use the VAT Type VAT 100%.

Once the payment is made, the account should be zero. For example, if the balance of the account at the end of July was a credit of 21 550.20, a payment of 21 550.20 must be made. That payment debits the account to bring it to zero (excluding transactions during August).

Warnings

Info

Warnings appear at the top of the screen, highlighted in orange, when information is incomplete. Warnings are refreshed when you click Save (button).

  • Mandatory Account Defaults not assigned: These defaults are mandatory:
    • Receivables: Totals all the customer accounts on the financial reports.
    • Payables: Totals all the supplier accounts on the financial reports.
    • Retained Income: Posts the profit or loss to the Statement of Financial Position as calculated on the Statement of Profit or Loss.
    • VAT Control: Required if you are registered for VAT.
    • WHT Control: Required in countries where WHT is compulsory, such as Thailand.
  • Bank: A currency is not assigned to the bank account. Applies if you use multiple currencies: each bank account must have a currency.
  • Duplicates: Duplicate names, codes or lookups in the same group.
  • Blank Names or Lookups: An account has no name or no lookup.

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